Livia Chiṭu is a Senior Economist in the Monetary Policy Directorate of the European Central Bank. Her research interests are mainly in international finance and monetary economics, with an emphasis on monetary policy transmission and the international monetary and financial system. Her work has been published in the Journal of Development Economics and Economic Policy, among other scholarly journals. She is a graduate from the University of Toulouse, the Academy of Economic Studies in Bucharest, and holds a PhD in economics from Paris School of Economics-Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne.

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Barry Eichengreen is George C. Pardee & Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley, where he has taught since 1987. He is a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research (Cambridge, Massachusetts) and Research Fellow of the Centre for Economic Policy Research (London, England). In 1997-98 he was Senior Policy Advisor at the International Monetary Fund. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (class of 1997). Professor Eichengreen was the convener of the Bellagio Group of academics and officials until 2020 and chair of the Academic Advisory Committee of the Peterson Institute of International Economics. He has held Guggenheim and Fulbright Fellowships and has been a fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (Palo Alto) and the Institute for Advanced Study (Berlin). He is a regular monthly columnist for Project Syndicate. His books include In Defense of Public Debt (2021), The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Reaction in the Modern Era (2018), How Global Currencies Work: Past, Present, and Future, with Livia Chitu and Arnaud Mehl, (2017), The Korean Economy: From a Miraculous Past to a Sustainable Future (Harvard East Asian Monographs) with Wonhyuk Lim, Yung Chul Park and Dwight H. Perkins, (2015), Renminbi Internationalization: Achievements, Prospects, and Challenges, co-edited with Masahiro Kawai, (2015), Hall of Mirrors: The Great Depression, The Great Recession, and the Uses-and Misuses-of History, (2015). He was awarded the Economic History Association’s Jonathan R.T. Hughes Prize for Excellence in Teaching in 2002 and the University of California at Berkeley Social Science Division’s Distinguished Teaching Award in 2004. He is the recipient of a doctor honoris causa from the American University in Paris.

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Arnaud Mehl is adviser in the International Policy Analysis Division of the European Central Bank (ECB), CEPR research fellow, member of the CEPR Research Policy Network on Geoeconomics and lecturer at Sciences Po. Arnaud has worked at the ECB since 2001 in various areas and, prior to the ECB, for the French Treasury and Edmond de Rothschild Asset Management. He is a member of the editorial board of the ECB working paper series, an associate editor of the Journal of International Money and Finance and a research associate at the globalization institute of the Dallas Fed. Arnaud’s main fields of research are open-economy macroeconomics, international finance and economic history. His work has been published in the Journal of Finance, the Journal of Monetary Economics, the Economic Journal, the Journal of International Economics, the Journal of Development Economics and Economic Policy, among others. Arnaud holds a PhD in economics from Université Paris-Dauphine, Master’s degrees from Sciences-Po and ESCP Business School, and is a former visiting student of St Antony’s College, Oxford.